Adrenal oncocytoma

Adrenal oncocytoma is a rare, benign tumor that arises from the adrenal glands, which are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of the kidneys within the abdomen.

These glands are responsible for producing a variety of hormones, including adrenaline and cortisol, which help regulate metabolism, immune response, blood pressure, and stress responses.

Oncocytomas are characterized by large cells with an excessive number of mitochondria, giving them a distinctive granular appearance under microscopic examination.

Although typically benign, meaning they do not spread to other parts of the body, adrenal oncocytomas can occasionally present as large masses that may cause symptoms due to their size or hormone production.

Patients may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, a palpable mass, or signs of hormone overproduction, depending on the functional nature of the tumor.

Despite their benign nature, these tumors require careful evaluation to rule out malignancy and assess any potential impact on hormone levels.

Detection of adrenal oncocytomas is often achieved through imaging studies such as CT (Computed Tomography) or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans of the abdomen.

These imaging techniques provide detailed pictures of the adrenal glands and can help in distinguishing these tumors from other adrenal masses.

Surgical removal is typically considered if the tumor is large, symptomatic, or if malignancy cannot be excluded.